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1861 - First major battle of Civil War ends (Bull Run), Virginia - South wins.

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1863 - Birth of C Aubrey Smith London England; actor (Prisoner of Zenda).

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1864 - Birth of Frances Folsom Cleveland first lady.

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1867 - City Gardens on Folsom opens.

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1873 - Jesse James makes his first train robbery.

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1880 - Compressed air accident kills 20 workers on Hudson River tunnel, New York.

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1885 - Birth of Frances Parkinson Keyes novelist (Dinner at Antoine).

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1896 - Birth of Jean Rivier Villemomble France, composer (Vénitienne).

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1896 - National Federation of Afro-American Women and Colored Women's.

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1899 - Birth of Ernest Hemmingway Oak Park, for whom the bell tolled... (Nobel Prize 1954).

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