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942 - Saadiah Gaon head of Talmudic Academy of Sura, dies.

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955 - Alberich II, illegitimate son of Octavianus elected pope.

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1165 - Ramjbam and his family reach Acre Palestine.

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1434 - Pieter Appelmans Flemish architect/master builder, dies at about age 60.

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1527 - Florence becomes a republic.

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1532 - Sir Thomas More resigns as English Lord Chancellor.

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1547 - Protestant German monarch surrenders to Karel in Wittenberg.

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1558 - Birth of Andreas of Austria Bohemia cardinal/Governor of Netherlands (1598-1600).

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1568 - Mary Queen of Scotland flees to England.

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1571 - Johannes Kepler, by his own calculations, is conceived at 4:37 AM.

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