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1576 - Girolamo Cardano, Italian mathematician (explored probability theory of gambling), dies at age 74 (born 1501).

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1625 - Dutch attack San Juan, Puerto Rico.

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1683 - Jews are expelled from all French possessions in America.

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1717 - Birth of Horace Walpole England, writer (The Castle of Otranto).

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1742 - Faneuil Hall opens to the public.

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1755 - Birth of John Marshall in Virginia; fourth Supreme Court Chief Justice (1801-35).

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1789 - The U.S. Congress passes the Judiciary Act which provides an attorney general and the Supreme Court.

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1815 - John Sevier indian fighter, dies at age 70.

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1829 - Russia and Ottoman Empire sign Peace Treaty of Adrianople.

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1838 - Anti-Corn-Law League forms to repeal English Corn Law.

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